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Abstraction and Encapsulation

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Encapsulation is the act of protecting data integrity.  A class is properly encapsulated when its internal data cannot possibly be set to an invalid or inconsistent state.  This can be achieved by: 1) Information hiding: removes the class's internals from the eyes of its clients so that there is less risk of corrupting of corrupting those internals. 2) Bundling of data and operations: helps establish a single entry point for all actions to be done on this class.  This way you can perform all required validation and integrity checks before modifying this class. Each class has a number of invariants, these are conditions that must be true at all times. It is the responsibility of the software developer that these invariants are never violated and the best way to do that is to encapsulate your classes so that this is never an option. Example: the set method of the invariants are marked as private so only the class may set it.  In this a course cannot be active if the nu...
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DDD and EF Core: Preserving encapsulation

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  The whole point of Encapsulation and Separation of concerns is to reduce complexity The more coupling leads to an exponential growth of complexity With separation of concerns we can maintain the same number of elements but reduce the coupling or connections between them. Public setters in domain classes is a red flag.  Setters prevent the class from maintaining invariants because this  class has no control over how its clients use those setters.   Always make property setters in domain classes private by default. Proper way to set up many-to-one relationships with EF Core with private constructor and reference to a the FavouriteCourse model:     And with the mappings: The query to select the join: To reduce complexity and bugs, always load all entities whether they are required or not.  This is called Eager loading of relationships.  To add Lazy Loading, you need to add the following  Avoid the use of explicit lazy loaders such as this...
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